Explain Modulation and Its Types!

The wave characteristics are to be transmitted with the help of superimposing the high-frequency message signal it is regarded as the process of changing the wave characteristics termed as Modulation. Join the telecom training courses in Pune and make a successful career in this field. As per the application used this wave can be considered as AC or DC or pulse chain.

modulation

Why is modulation used in communication?

The message signal frequency is raised in the modulation technique with respect to a range that is very useful for transmission. Let us see few points to describe the modulation’s significance in a communication system.

In signal transmission, the signals from various sources are transmitted with the common channel along with the usage of multiplexers.  At a particular bandwidth if the signals are transmitted then they lead to interference. There are lots of career frequencies that are modulated by the speech signals to overcome the interference.

There is one more technical reason which is nothing but the antenna size which is inversely proportional to the radiated signal frequency. 1/10th of the signal wavelength is the order of the antenna aperture size. If the signal frequency is 5 kHz then the size is practicable. Thus it is significant to increase the frequency by the process of modulation that will actually decrease the antenna height.

It is very significant to transfer the signals for longer distances termed Modulation as it is not possible to send low-frequency signals for longer distances.

It is very significant to allocate lots of channels for users and to enhance the noise immunity

Different Types of Modulation

There are two types of modulation and they are analog and digital modulation techniques. The information of the baseband is converted into Radio Frequency signals in both the techniques but then in analog modulation, these RF communication signals are having a continuous range of values which is not the case in digital as it contains discrete states.

Analog Modulation

The carrier wave in this signal is a continuously changing sine wave which in turn changes the data signal or message signal. This wave contains three general functions like amplitude, frequency, and phase.

Types of Analog Modulation:

  • Amplitude modulation (AM)
  • Frequency modulation (FM)
  • Phase modulation (PM)

Digital Modulation

To obtain very good quality and efficient communication, a digital modulation technique is employed. Permissible power, available bandwidth, and extremely high noise immunity are few advantages of digital modulation over analog modulation. In this modulation, the analog message signal is converted into a digital signal and then modulated using a carrier wave.

Pulses are generated by switching on and off the carrier wave that the signal is modulated with. The type of digital modulation is decided by the parameters like frequency, amplitude and phase variation.

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